The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 898 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Grapes of Wrath Essay Did you like this example? Chapter 6 Carry on, Wayward Tortoise At the disheveled Joad’s house, Tom Joad and Jim Casy meet a familiar face, Muley Graves, who informs the two that Tom’s family was tractored off the land and they’re at Uncle John’s shack. The three decide to set up camp at the house, cook up some rabbits that Muley caught, and head to Uncle John’s in the morning. A car’s headlights illuminate the road which set the men into action as they dive into the fields of cotton, avoiding the accusation of them being trespassers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck" essay for you Create order â€Å" ‘Hell, I forgot the turtle. I ain’t gonna pack it all over hell.’ He unwrapped the land turtle and pushed it under the house. But in a moment it was out, headed southwest as it had been from the first. The cat leaped at it and struck at its straining head and slashed at its moving feet. The old, hard, humorous head was pulled in, and the thick tail slapped in under the shell, and when the cat grew tired of waiting for it and walked off, the turtle headed on southwest again.† (Steinbeck 44) The symbolism of the tortoise constantly carrying on southwest through any condition is similar to the path of the Joad family throughout the course of the book. Tom is analytical, has his priorities in check, and states, â€Å"Think we better eat her now,†(Steinbeck 52) during a very deep conversation with Muley and Casy. With Tom recently leaving prison, the solo wolf mentality seems to have stuck. Tom plays the driving force in this chapter. He keeps the other characters moving and ignores the possible obstacles in others’ ways. The clashing symbols of Muley Graves attached to his hometown and the tortoise constantly moving southwest reflect the minds of the Joad family, attached to home, yet forced to move on. Chapter 13 Out With the Old, in With the New The Joad family pulls over at the nearest service station to quench their thirst and refuel. Without the family’s dog on their minds, he is run over and left behind. The car continues on 66 until dusk sets in and the family sets up camp next to the Wilsons, who allow the sickly Grampa to rest in their tent, the tent being his final destination due to a stroke. The Wilsons assistance with Grampa’s body secure their bond, influencing the Joads and Wilsons becoming one. â€Å"Ma said, ‘You won’t be no burden. Each’ll help each, an’ well all get to california. Sairy Wilson he’ped lay Grampa out,’ and she stopped. The relationship was plain.†(Steinbeck 148) The Wilsons being welcomed into family establishes the theme of social unity. The families stick together to get through sickness, death, and the hardships of the journey to California. Tom seems to have issues controlling his temper, considering the fact that he murdered a man. â€Å"Well, you ain’t never gonna know. Casy tries to tell ya an’ you jest ast the same thing over. I seen fellas like you before. You aint askin’ nothin’; youre jus’ singin’ a kinda song. ‘What we comin’ to?’ You don’ wanta know. Country’s movin’ aroun’, goin’ places. Theys folks dyin’ all aroun’. Maybe youll die pretty soon, but you wont know nothin’. I seen too many fellas like you. You dont want to know nothin’. Just sing yourself to sleep with the song- ‘What we comin’ to?’ †(Steinbeck 128) This represents his irritability towards a certain type of people and his methodical approach to problems and questions. Tom plays the cold voice of reason in this chapter. The dog suddenly dying symbolizes the unforeseen death of Grampa and Granma. Chapter 26 Old Habits, Die Hard Due to the lack of work, the Joads leave the government camp in Weedpatch early in the morning and meet a man who tells them of a job picking peaches. After a days’ work picking peaches, Tom is attracted to the yelling outside the gate where he reunites with Casy who soon dies from a pick handle. Tom, being the irritable character he is, grabs the pick handle from the killer, and beats him, most likely killing him, forcing the Joad family to move camps yet again. â€Å"‘Well, they was nice fellas, ya see. What made ‘em bad was they needed stuff. An’ I begin to see, then. Its need that makes all the trouble†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬ (Steinbeck 382) This passage is heavily based around sacrifice, such as Casy sacrificing himself for Tom. This furthers the character development between Tom and Casy. However it required Casy’s death for Tom to accept his teaching. Tom’s extremely defensive nature has caused problems yet again. He’s asked if he killed the man and Tom responds, â€Å" ‘I-don’t know. I was nuts. Tried to.’ † (Steinbeck 390) There is a recurring theme of Tom doing â€Å"what he has to do,† but he seems to have only escalated situations far past what is necessary. Tom plays the role of an avenger and is mainly a problem in this chapter. Casy’s last words, â€Å"You fellas don’ know what you’re doin’,† reference one of the seven statements of Christ on the cross, â€Å"Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing†. Casy, as a previous religious figure, symbolizes Christ sacrificing himself for our sins by sacrificing himself for Tom.

Liberalism And Human Rights Essay - 1549 Words

within the confinements of liberalism and with respect to traditional human rights, however, the central governments have managed to bypass the creed of liberalism and human rights. 2) Redrawing the boundaries, or reducing the powers, of internal political subunits controlled by the national minority; decisions on the boundaries and powers of internal political subunits. Some liberal democratic states engaged in redrawing boundaries which are within the confinement of liberalism and the liberal state, but encroaches the rights of national minorities. The central states draw boundaries to disempower national minorities. For instance, a minority s territory are divided into several units to make cohesive political action impossible. For example, the division of France into 83 ‘departments’ after the Revolution, which intentionally subdivided the historical regions of the Basques, Bretons, and other linguistic minorities; or the division of Catalonia region in Spain. 3) L anguage policies; decisions on official languages. In many liberal democratic states, the majority language is adopted as official or de facto official language where it is used in government, bureaucracy, courts, schools, and business. While there are exceptions to this – many liberal democratic states allow for multilingualism – yet the policies related to language should be more robustly clarified within the human rights creed of democratic liberalism. Because the human rights creed adopted by severalShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Human Rights1256 Words   |  6 Pagespaper I will focus on the subject of human rights. The recognition of human rights is widely seen as abstract, yet human rights affect daily lives worldwide. 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Dissent Versus Disagreement free essay sample

Throughout history, there is a pattern of revolutions and protests that characterize humanity’s need for independence and representation. At the basis of the majority of these insurgencies, there is a primal disagreement over a controversy or an issue of human rights and reason. Due to the critical debate and philosophical questions sparked from the disagreement, the opposing sides respectively consider the argument of the other and a settlement of one sort or the other is reached. On the contrary, if dissension instead of disagreement occurs, then one side is obligated to feel like a polarized minority against a prejudiced majority. Dissension is the cancer of society whilst disagreement is the lifeblood as illustrated by the integral denominations of Christianity, Suzanne Collins’ controversial novel the Hunger Games, and the conflicting American two-party system we have today; proving that freedom is what humanity ultimately strives for. Admittedly, disagreement can lead to destruction and chaos. It can lead to unexpected consequences that are not beneficial to either majority. The situation could potentially worsen due to disagreement. However, without that disagreement, nothing would have changed. Dissension would not make any one side content or better the situation as it would be a minority protesting to a majority that would not listen. Disagreement at least would be a gateway to change, to a freedom that did not previously exist. If there existed merely dissension, almost no change would occur seeing as the majority could simply ignore any protests or rebellions from the dissenters. Firstly, the integral denominations of Christianity that have developed out of history owe their origins to historical debates and councils where two conflicting sides fought for the freedom to express their religious beliefs without persecution. Within the church, there are Baptists and Protestants and Presbyterians and Lutherans: only a few of many. Some would also say that Catholicism could be categorized under Christianity. Nonetheless, with all of these various denominations come different beliefs about the detailed aspects of religion whilst out of all of them emerges the same basic doctrine. Different denominations represent freedom of expression and of religion that comes from disagreement between people, especially in the history of Christianity. On the contrary, if, in the original Roman Catholic Church there had been merely dissension and no disagreement, we would not have the religious freedom to express our beliefs that we take advantage of today. Disagreement in the church led to theological debates between famous religious figures such as Luther and Erasmus or Augustine and Pelagius, who were all seen as equal scholars and therefore their opinions were heard and considered and a thoughtful settlement was made. It led to the development of the Protestant church that began with Luther posting his 95 Theses. Initially, Luther was a minority protesting a majority and therefore could be categorized as a dissenter. If this status did not change, his 95 Theses would not be notable today. However, Luther did gain a following that disagreed with the church’s practice selling of indulgences and so, because of the disagreement between the existing church and Luther’s followers that were both now considered majorities, the Lutherans split off and formed the Lutheran church which still exists today and that would lead to the formation of numerous other denominations within Christianity. In addition, in 2008, Suzanne Collins’ controversial novel the Hunger Games was released to the world with its empowering protagonist, sixteen-year-old heroine Katniss Everdeen, trailblazing the way for the thirteen Districts of Panem to rebel against the totalitarian Capitol to gain their freedom. The crucial rationale behind the Districts’ rebellion is to protect future generations from the cruelty of the Capitol and to overthrow a rotten regime run by the twisted President Snow. In this situation, the rebels disagree with the practice that the Capitol uses to keep the Districts in check: the Hunger Games, an annual event where a young boy and girl are supposedly randomly selected from each District to fight to the death in a man made arena, last one alive wins, the ultimate survivor. From their disagreement comes the urge to come together in unity in order to protest the barbaric practices of the Capitol, which ends in a successful victory for the Districts because of their alliances with each other. Before the union of the Districts of Panem, there was a previous uprising by the thirteenth District in an attempt to break free of the Capitol’s rule, but because it was only one District against the large and powerful Capitol, the rebellion was unsuccessful and the thirteenth District was destroyed. This is an example of what dissension brought about in the world of Panem. This first uprising was ineffective because it was a minority standing against a majority, enabling for the majority to all too easily stomp over the minority. The main reason why the second rebellion was more successful than the first was because all of the Districts pulled their efforts together as one and therefore became a force for the Capitol to reckon with. Most importantly, the recent presidential election of 2012 involved two conflicting political parties who disagreed on who should be the next president of the United States; this disagreement between two majorities allowed for American citizens to freely express their own personal opinions on each presidential candidate. It is this disagreement between two majorities that allows for the United States and its people to thrive through the power of democracy. No matter which of these two political alignments one chooses, one still feels as if they have a voice because they have joined a majority. Due to both parties being majorities, debates like the recent presidential one are able to occur along with other debates like ones over marriage rights, immigration reform laws, and judicial court system workings. With disagreement, it is less likely for a quick and rash decision to be made, as it is easier for the whole picture to be viewed and considered. If one of these opposing political parties were to overshadow the other, then the whole system would disintegrate. Instead of debates due to disagreement, there would be dissension that could possibly lead to protests and the slow collapse of the society of today. Without these two majorities that represent American citizens, democracy would fall apart due to the dissension. Not only would half of America not be properly represented, but debate would cease to happen, and flaws in ideals would not be as readily pointed out since there wouldn’t be another majority analyzing them. Disagreement is the key in keeping the balance, and without it dissension would destroy our society as we know it and our freedom to express our opinions would exist no more. In conclusion, the disagreement between two existing sides leads to numerous forms of freedom whilst dissension would bring about the end to any hopes of freedom along with the destruction of the society or area it occurs in. Especially in America, the people thrive on disagreement, starting from the Revolutionary War and progressing onwards into the democratic society that has been established today. It is through our disagreements that we find the power to oppose a corrupt rule, to form a system that allows us to freely express beliefs, and to discover faults within our own ideals that would not otherwise be revealed to us. America is the embodiment of the freedom humanity ultimately strives for: in expression, in beliefs, in rights, and in laws, and it is all due to disagreement that America can truly be a land of the free.

Hedonism Essay Research Paper HedonismWebster free essay sample

Hedonism Essay, Research Paper Hedonism Webster # 8217 ; s dictionary defines hedonism as # 8220 ; the ethical philosophy that pleasance, diversely conceived of in footings of felicity of the person or of society, is the chief good and the proper purpose of action # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; the theory that a individual ever acts is such a manner as to seek pleasance and avoid pain. # 8221 ; With this definition in head, and with farther scrutiny of John Stuart Mill # 8217 ; s theory on hedonism, I am traveling to reason that hedonism is non an sole or distinguishable manner of believing. In fact, I think that with the exclusion of perchance a few people, most people are really hedonistically inclined. # 8220 ; Hedonistic utilitarians place felicity with tiping pleasance and avoiding hurting, significance that the more an single enjoys pleasance and avoids hurting, the happier that person is # 8221 ; ( phil.tamu.edu ) . Now, is this truly a new and profound idea? If you avoid hurting, you will take a happier life? With a few exclusions, I don # 8217 ; t cognize many people who see hurting as enjoyment. Most people I know have made it a point to enjoy themselves in so me fasion or McDonald 2 another, and that doesn # 8217 ; t include the enjoyment of hurting. # 8220 ; Mill # 8217 ; s overall topic is the right of the indivieual to believe and move for himeself of herself. For Mill this does non intend the right to believe and move as you please ( Castell 360 ) . Eventhough Mill encouraged independent idea and actions, he did non warrant running about and making whatever you liked. Harmonizing to the Hedonic Society, what they call Enlightened Hedonism ( # 8221 ; a realistic and humanistic lifestance advocation the ration cultivation of pleasance and felicity for all # 8221 ; ) can be stated in six rules: 1. Knowledge is gained through a reasoned survey of all available grounds. 2. In the absence of conclusive grounds for a supernatural, moralss and morality must be based on our life in the natural universe. 3. Pleasure and hurting are our natural agencies for finding what is good or harmful to life. 4. Those actions are best which lead to the greatest pleasance and felicity, or the least hurting and agony, in the long term for all concerned. McDonald 3 5. Our lives are made most happy and fulfilling by cultivating the higher pleasances of rational development, aesthetic grasp and creativeness, and societal bonds of friendly relationship, household and romantic love. 6. Happiness is best attained in an ambiance of freedom, tolerance, passive resistance and diverseness. The Hedonic society besides states that the moralss of enlightened hedonism is a positive, dynamic and life- confirming alternate to traditional spiritual and political tenet. In today # 8217 ; s footings, when you hear person speak of hedonism, your head automatically goes to tie ining sex, orgasms, and all other types of physical pleasance with the term hedonism. The of import thing to maintain in head, nevertheless is that hedonism does non merely include physical pleasance. It is possible to endeavor to accomplish felicity and exhilaration, and at the same clip avoid unhappiness and anxiousness. This is besides a hedonic manner of idea. Hedonism is non the chase strictly physical. It is possible to be intellectually hedonic every bit good. And, Hedonism is non based entirely on the person. It is to be the greatest sum of good possible for the greatest sum of people. McDonald 4 So merely because you want to something, and carry through your O riginal desire/want/need, doesn’t mean that it is right to make it. You have to take into history what would profit others every bit good. # 8220 ; By each of us traveling instantly for that which we most want, which would give us the most pleasance, is for the greatest possible good to be accomplished # 8230 ; ( Stanford ) . # 8221 ; Mill says that the ideal manner to be is a small spot of both physically and intellectually hedonic. He introduces the Competent Judge Test ( CJT ) to conflict common expostulations he faces against hedonic utilitarianism. The expostulation stems from the philosophical contention between bodily ( feeding, imbibing, and sex, but besides things like exercising ) and rational ( art, literature, doctrine, and scientific discipline ) pleasances, and the comparative value of each of those pleasances ( phil.tamu ) . # 8220 ; Since hedonic useful define felicity in footings of pleasance and the absence of hurting, they are unfastened to the expostulation that their position give human existences # 8217 ; lives no higher intent than that of any animate being. Mill calls this # 8216 ; the philosophy of swine objection. # 8217 ; # 8230 ; Mill grounds that if what gives a human being pleasance ( and/or hurting ) is radically different than what gives it to an animate being, so what counts as homo felicity will be radically different # 8221 ; ( phil.tamu ) . Intellectual pleasances are superior to the physical pleasances, and Mill says that McDonald 5 his CJT proves it. # 8220 ; Of tow pleasances, if there be one to which all of about all who have experience of both give a distinct penchant, irrespective or any feeling of moral duty to prefer it, that is the more desirable pleasance # 8221 ; ( phil.tamu ) . Mill has four different constituents that are a portion of the testing of qualitative high quality ; 1 ) Who the competent Judgess are ; 2 ) What sort of bulk of them must give ; 3 ) What sort of penchant to one sort of pleasance over another for it to be judged the higher choice pleasance ; and 4 ) What this qualitative difference implies about the comparative value of pleasance of the two sorts. He besides presents the Four Steps of CJT ; 1 ) Identify the competent Judgess ; 2 ) See if any of them prefer Ten over Y ; 3 ) Ask if the penchant for X over Y is shared by certain features ; 4 ) If # 3 is true, so we are justified in reasoning that X is someway superior ( phil.tamu ) . Mill says that if you substitute rational pleasances for # 8220 ; X # 8221 ; and bodily pleasances for # 8220 ; Y, # 8221 ; so # 8220 ; X # 8221 ; is # 8220 ; qualitatively superior # 8221 ; to # 8220 ; Y. # 8221 ; However, like I stated above, each individual in their ain facet has some hedonism in them someplace. I would reason that in order to hold a comparatively balanced life, you would include both physical McDonald 6 and rational facets of your life. Whether or non you would be labeled a # 8220 ; Hedonist # 8221 ; would stay to be seen. If you incorporate the greater demands of others into your single immediate demands, so technically, yes, that would be Hedonism. But, I would venture to state that you would be labeled # 8220 ; a nice person. # 8221 ; Castell, Alburey, et al. , Introduction to Moern Doctrine: Analyzing the Human Condition. ( New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2001 ) . # 8220 ; Hedonism. # 8221 ; Stanford University ( online ) www.stanford.edu/~quixote/philosophies.htm # hedonism* . ( 12/03/2001 ) . # 8220 ; John Stuart Mill. # 8221 ; unknown ( on-line ) *www-/ phil.tamu.edu/~gary/intro/lecture.mill_1.html. ( 12/03/2001 ) . # 8220 ; What is Enlightened Hedonism? # 8221 ; Hedonic Society ( online ) *www.hedonicsociety.org/custom/html* . ( 12/03/2001 ) .