Organization of Study Time

Study and update aptitudes INFO This segment covers the accompanying thoughts and material: A prologue to amendment strategies, including †¢ idea mapping, ? ow graphs and brain maps †¢ arranged correction timing †¢ rehearsing assessment method. General investigation strategies Organization of study time The assessments are posing a potential threat. Out of nowhere you understand that you do require your notes and exploratory work from the most recent year or two. It is safe to say that they are fit as a fiddle? Well†¦! It merits recalling that amendment is only that. It shouldn’t be the first occasion when that you have attempted to get to holds with a subject.Organisation of study propensities over an entire course is an indispensable piece of being fruitful. This positively implies handy things, for example, ensuring that your notes are unblemished and coherent. Be that as it may, it additionally incorporates ensuring that you have comprehended the though ts and associations as you have secured a subject. Nothing can be more regrettable than attempting to learn masses of material that you don’t comprehend. The best groundwork for an assessment starts quite a while before it! This spreads the heap and decreases the strain as the assessment draws near. Figure 1 sums up different parts of getting ready for examinations.The coursework ‘arm’ accentuates not just the assortment of good notes straightforwardly from class, yet additionally the need to take a gander at and utilize material from outside. Perusing reference material and taking helpful notes from it is an aptitude in itself. Table 1 frameworks various techniques for perusing and their motivation. The initial three techniques are progressively proper to utilizing books for reference. In any case, there is an expanding number of famous science books and magazines for which the last two strategies are suitable. Furthermore, there is an expanding measure of refer ence material now accessible on CD-ROM and, most altogether, the internet.You should discover methods of utilizing this material, as it gives an increasingly intuitive introduction of the material. The capacity to make notes and subject synopses as you work through a course is significant, as they would then be able to be utilized as a beginning stage for update. You ought not consider pragmatic work in science as isolated from other classwork. The thoughts and point by point data from the practicals are significant in fortifying your comprehension of a theme. To be sure, a specific trial may assist you with remembering and comprehend a significant thought †providing you a visual insight on which to ‘hang’ the thought in your memory. Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry Study and update aptitudes 1 perusing CD-ROM down to earth work classnotes COURSEWORK survey cards synopsis sheets Information what amount? when? insect charts Or gan isin theme records mind m aps gn ote s O n rga g isin tim e take breaks REVISION SKILLS utilize a plan u St sk sick watchwords and thoughts s dy bi ha stick to schedule or y ts M em appropriate spot customary audits use outlines, arachnid graphs and brain maps Figure 1 Revision includes association and the advancement of specific aptitudes. alone or with a companion ime of day Type of perusing skimming checking intelligent perusing recognizing predisposition perusing for delight Method searching for the principle points searching for explicit data perusing cautiously and mindfully, with tender loving care isolating certainty from assessment perusing at own pace Purpose to increase a general impression to discover specific realities or decisions to get an intensive comprehension of a theme to frame a chose impression of a dubious zone to increase a vibe for a subject, and for pleasure Table 1 Different strategies for perusing and their purpose.This book, and the going with materials, are pointed explicitly at understudies taking the Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry course. This is a course and capability with an exceptionally high universal notoriety. 2  © Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry Study and correction abilities INFO There is an astounding site for Cambridge IGCSE understudies, at: www. cambridgestudents. organization. uk/subjectpages/science/igcsechemistry Do investigate this site. You will ? nd duplicates of past papers, model responses to past inquiries, a few reproductions, and amendment agendas dependent on the syllabus.The tips from analysts are there to assist you with doing great in the test and are unquestionably worth observing. The site merits visiting normally, as new material and cutting-edge papers are added to it. Beginning We have said it before, and it tends to be exhausting to rehash it, however it stays genuine no different: to ensure a high evaluation in your last assessments you should buckle down all through your course. Here are a few hints to assist y ou with utilizing the time you put in on your work in science. Ensure you have a duplicate of the IGCSE Chemistry syllabus.There is one given on this CD which likewise gives you direction with respect to where in the book the various points are secured. It is significant you know the course you are taking and the manner by which you will be surveyed. IGCSE tests aren’t pretty much learning realities. You should have the option to comprehend your work and become adequately positive about your comprehension to address inquiries concerning things you have never met. You should have the option to move your insight in a specific territory to a model that will be new to you.The IGCSE analysts will set inquiries to test three arrangements of abilities (they are known as Assessment Objectives). These are: †¢ Skill An: information with comprehension †¢ Skill B: taking care of data and taking care of issues †¢ Skill C: exploratory abilities and examinations. About half o f the considerable number of imprints in the test are for expertise A, 30% for aptitude B and 20% for ability C. Expertise An is tied in with learning and seeing the real factors and ideas in the schedule. These are canvassed in your reading material, and your educator will ensure you have met them all in class as your course progresses.There are no cunning alternate routes, it is basically an instance of getting your head down and working at these. Aptitude B is tied in with utilizing these realities and ideas and applying them to a new setting. It’s significant that you become positive about handling addresses that, from the start sight, look totally new. The exercise manual will give you bunches of training at this. Attempting past inquiry papers will likewise assist with testing this expertise, however there will in any case be abnormal material that you will meet without precedent for the test. The accompanying ‘model test question’ is like the sort of inqui ry found on an all-inclusive paper and will give you some thought of what to expect.Cathodic insurance of steel objects isn't referenced in the prospectus while conciliatory assurance is. However here you are approached to think about the two utilizing your insight and comprehension of electrolysis. Aptitude C is about useful abilities. You ought to have a lot of chance to do tests in a research center all through your course. The exercise manual likewise has practices that will assist you with improving your abilities at dealing with and deciphering information acquired from investigations, and planning tests. In any case, ensure you gain the most you can from your commonsense sessions.Chapter 12 gives you clear direction about what is associated with the evaluation of your useful work.  © Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry Study and correction aptitudes 3 Model Q Questions For important material, see Chapter 9. Titanium is impervious to erosion. One of its uses is as a t erminal in the cathodic insurance of enormous steel structures from rusting. + power †steel oil rig which is cathode titanium anode seawater contains H+(aq), OHâ€(aq), Na+(aq), Cl â€(aq) a Define oxidation and decrease as far as electron transfer.Oxidation is the loss of electrons Reduction is the increase of electrons HINT: Remember OIL RIG †to help recollect ‘oxidation is misfortune; decrease is gain’ [2] b The steel oil rig is the negative terminal (cathode) in this defensive electrolytic game plan. Name the gas shaped at this terminal. Hydrogen HINT: Discharge of H+ particles from the seawater. [1] c Name one of the two potential gases shaped at the titanium anode. Oxygen (or chlorine) HINT: Discharge of OH? particles or Cl? from the seawater. [1] d Explain why the oil rig doesn't rust.T oil rig legs are the cathode in the cell that is set up (see diagram)he and oxidation doesn't occur at the cathode (electrons are moving towards the cathode, not awa y from it). Insight: See Chapter 4 †oxidation happens at the anode in electrolysis; decrease happens at the cathode. Try not to mistake this for sacri? cial insurance. [2] e Another method of shielding steel from consumption that includes utilizing another metal is conciliatory security. Give two contrasts between conciliatory security and cathodic protection.Cathodic insurance includes electrolysis and requirements power; it utilizes a dormant anode (here made of titanium). Conciliatory assurance needs a progressively receptive metal; this metal consumes rather than the steel. Conciliatory insurance needn't bother with power. f What is the name of the strategy for rust insurance that utilizations zinc? Galvanisation [2] [1] 4  © Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry Study and amendment abilities Keeping up progress During the course you will be offered work to do. Attempt to work consistently through all the important material all through your course. It is extremely si gnificant that you stay aware of this.Don’t set out to make life hard for yourself. Do ensure that you see each bit of work you do. Examination shows that we think that its a lot simpler to learn and recall things in the event that we get them. In the event that there is something you don’t comprehend, ensure you do all that you can to set this privilege on the right track away. Frequently working through a theme with a companion will help. Utilize your school library or the web. Be cautious about the web, however, the same number of science locales are composed for different courses in various nations. The

European Union Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

European Union Law - Essay Example The French specialists wish to extradite Derek and his family back to the Britain. Here it will be essential to think about the privileges of the European Union residents however before doing that it is maybe imperative to consider whether the activities griped of by the French specialists are legitimately frightful, or something else. Does Derek or his family reserve the privilege to remain Is their correct free of one another's Are Derek and his better half to be considered as laborers Naturally, it is the European Court of Justice (the ICJ) that has severally been called upon to apply its knowledge in situations where a gathering presumes that his privileges have been damaged, and those examples will no uncertainty be critical in checking the status of Derek and his family. It might be savvy to recount the important the full arrangement here so as to be seized of its full ramifications. Hence Article 39EC of the Nice bargain provides;2 2.. 1. Opportunity of development for laborers will be made sure about inside the Community. 2.. Such opportunity of development will involve the nullification of any segregation dependent on nationality between laborers of the Member States as respects business, compensation and different states of work and work. 3. It will involve the right, subject to restrictions advocated on grounds of open approach, open security or general wellbeing: (a)to acknowledge offers of work really made; (b) to move unreservedly inside the region of Member States for this reason; (c) to remain in a Member State with the end goal of work as per the arrangements administering the work of nationals of that State set somewhere near law, guideline or authoritative activity; (d) to stay in the region of a Member State in the wake of having been utilized in that State, subject to conditions which will be epitomized in actualizing guidelines to be drawn up by the Commission. A laborer has been characterized on account of Lawrie-Blum V. Land Baden Wurttemberg as an individual who for a period performs administrations for, or under a course of someone else, and gets compensation in return.3 The ICJ has needed to manage situations where the privileges of a transient were thought of. In the moment case, Hartley imagines that Article 39 on the opportunity of development of transients is confined in this viewpoint. A transient has the privilege to cross fringes once the offer is made before he leaves his nation of source, and accordingly, such vagrant has no option to go to a part nation to search for work4. This is started on the way that the Article 39 (3) (a) discusses tolerating offers of business really made. Thus I my recommendation to Derek is that his legitimate situation as a vagrant is as of now shaky as he went to France to search for work. So tragically for Derek and his family, French specialists as of now have some legitimate ammo they can use to oust the leader of the family. For, Derek, the respite could emerge out of an affirmation made by the part states and recorded in the minutes meeting route in 1968 that such transients who crossed outskirts into other network part states could be permitted to remain for a quarter of a year and on the off chance that they have not been

Management of Change Business Ideas

Question: Examine about theManagement of Change for Business Ideas. Answer: Presentation: Change the executives is one of the basic variables for growing new business thoughts. In the course of recent decades, the change the board has encouraged associations in improving their business openings in an effective way. Be that as it may, there are both gainful and negative effects of the usage of the change the executives in the business. Cummings Worley (2014) have contended that the authoritative change is required for getting new and new thoughts into the business procedure the executives. Now and then, the workforce of the associations opposes the change. There is a connection between the force and obstruction in setting to the hierarchical change. For getting a powerful change the board program, a large portion of the associations actualize the key methodologies into the business. Hayes (2014) has distinguished the way that the change is opposed in the association, as the change probably won't give the equivalent advancement in the business. Subsequently, there must be a hazard factor for executing hierarchical change. Then again, the workforces of the associations frequently oppose the change because of the absence of information about the new procedure. In this specific circumstance, the specific exposition features why the change the executives is defamed as an issue in the business. In addition, the simple examines moral usage for directing the change the board into the business. With the inclusion of the point by point conversation, the specific article draws advantages and difficulties of the change the board. Conversation: In the course of recent decades, the change the board has been depicted as a dangerous circumstance in the business. Rice (2013) has examined that the change the executives is one of the significant pieces of carrying the new thoughts into the business. The majority of the associations center around the change the board for contending with the adversaries in the enormous commercial center. A large portion of the business experts have contended with the way that the change the executives regularly disparaged as a dangerous circumstance in the business. By including a specific change into the business, the administration would not have the option to encounter the equivalent advancement. A large portion of the associations underscore on a specific culture that encourages them in bringing gainful result out of the business. Subsequently, the difference in the way of life may make the difficulties for the association to hold the development of the business at a similar rate. Other than this, there are some different elements influencing the change the executives. Goetsch Davis (2014) have contended that the change is rarely free, and the associations need to spend sufficient money related and physical assets for executing change into the business. In addition, the associations must spend on the immaterial cost, for example, confidence and buyer fulfillment during the change time frame. Now and again, the administration of the association neglects to decide the reality whether the expense of progress is overweighed by the useful perspectives brought by the changes. Henceforth, this specific factor regularly trashes the change the executives as a dangerous circumstance in the business. As per the article by Cameron Green (2015), there are two prime reasons making reluctance to the workforce for carrying changes into the business. These reasons incorporate the absence of information about the new procedure and the specific dread of the obscure framework. Be cause of the absence of information, a large portion of the representatives terrifies about the work execution in the business. As talked about by Frankland et al. (2013), associations need to give the upgraded instructional meeting to the workers for understanding the new changes in the business. Without giving sufficient data about the new procedure, the associations would not have the option to get the creation rate in a productive way. For bringing the change the executives, associations regularly neglect to pick the correct answer for the business. Because of the inclusion of an inappropriate arrangement, associations frequently face difficulties in holding the business development in a viable way. Despite the fact that the change the board has been disparaged as the hazardous circumstance, the administration of the association needs to deal with this specific issue in a proper way. Without carrying changes into the business, the association would not have the option to distinguish the powerful route for upgrading the exchange openings. Subsequently, it encourages the organizations in contending with its adversary in the residential and worldwide market. Then again, it adds to building up the new aptitudes or items that would be liable for giving high advantages to the organization. As per Burke (2013), the association needs to give a meeting to the representatives featuring the way that the change the board could encourage people to understand their own aptitudes. Then again, the new procedure would request upgraded working aptitude from the representatives. Thus, it encourages the workers to build up the individual abilities in a powerful way. Kondalkar (2013) have contended that the associations ought not carry visit changes into the procedure, as it would make difficulties for the administration and representative to embrace the specific changes in a fitting way. Then again, the workforce may improve its usefulness by staying away from the continuous changes in the business. It not just gives the sufficient chances to the representatives to embrace the whole changes yet in addition adds to upgrading the business openings in a viable manner. By executing the open correspondence, the administration can concentrate on giving data to the workers about the future advantages of the new procedure. As indicated by Alexander (2013), the selection of developments demonstrates the elective human conduct alongside the acknowledgment of progress. Be that as it may, there are common protections for changing the current procedure in the business. More often than not, individuals oppose the change when the specific change undermines in altering built up examples of work. Thus, the associations need to give the sufficient data to the representatives to execute the procedure in a compelling way. Additionally, the future advantages of the authoritative change must be talked about with the workers and different staffs in the business so they could comprehend the whole procedure. Jeston Nelis (2014) have contended that the association needs to consider the components influencing the appropriation of development in the business. These elements incorporate qualities of the change and the uniqueness of the association. The administration needs to follow the moral ramifications for carrying the hierarchical change into the business. The administrative positions are required to follow the code of behaviors to execute the hierarchical change in a successful way. Anderson (2013) have contended that the code for directors incorporate the trustworthiness, responsibility, honesty, regard and the adaptability. Now and then, the chiefs don't follow the fundamental code of behaviors in maintaining the authoritative change. Then again, the obstruction of the change ought to likewise follow the morals in the business. For example, the laborers of the association need to comprehend the useful parts of the change the board before conflicting with it. Without understanding the satisfactory results of the executed change in the business, the worker would not have the option to embrace the specific procedure. Creasey et al. (2016) have contended that the administrative positions frequently neglect to maintain the m orals while executing the change the executives in the business. For instance, the vast majority of the administrative positions can't convey inside and out information about the new procedure to the current representatives. Consequently, it makes the disarray among the representatives of the association. Jeston Nelis (2014) have recognized that the disarray could make immense difficulties in getting the productive result from the executed hierarchical change. Once in a while, the administration doesn't give the instructional course to the representatives because of the significant expense. Therefore, it is answerable for absence of information on the workers about the recently executed changes in the business. For accomplishing the viable change the board program, the administrative office must follow three phases of actualizing the changes. To begin with, the administrative posts ought to convey the method of reasoning behind the necessity of an adjustment in the association. Without conveying the justification for changes, the administration would not have the option to make opposing power comprehend the significance of the procedure. Therefore, the procedure would not be acknowledged in the business. Second, the administration must execute the change procedure into various stages. Without separated the progressions into various stages, the administration would not have the option to comprehend the advancement of the actualized procedure. Cummings Worley (2014) have contended that the association frequently set up all adjustments in the business and neglect to acquire the sufficient advantages out of it. Coordinated effort is the key elements for the change the executives. For accomplish ing the targets of the change the executives, the administrative posts should proceed with the procedure subsequent to leading the best possible arranging. Third, the administration must set up the audit to provide details regarding the change. By talking about the moral way to deal with the administration, it very well may be surveyed that they should actualize the checking framework into the business for the assessing the result of the adjustment in an effective way. Then again, there is a connection between the force and the obstruction with regards to authoritative change. The pioneers can't generally cause the workforce to feel good with the change. Be that as it may, they can limit the distress in a powerful way. Hayes (2014) has talked about the way that the administration must consider the Kotters 8-advance change model before the imple

The History of Social Issue Essay Refuted

The History of Social Issue Essay Refuted The cost of an essay is dependent upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. Also, a couple mistakes need to be made for the progress to occur, and everything must be questioned for the answers to appear. A number of the modern day problems that have hit conventional media along with social media headlines incorporate a list of social justice problems that you are able to find at our essay writing services. Therefore, any individual found committing suicide ought to be arrested and prosecuted consistent with the law. Some teens are so involved in the digital world of internet gaming and media they don't really focus on things and issues around them. Many events reported in the mainstream or societal media are related to a wide range of current social troubles. The growth in mass shootings throughout america has brought the matter of gun control into the spotlight as a social matter. Social Issue Essay: No Longer a Mystery By way of example, rising costs of living results in homelessness and elevated levels of poverty. Along with teen pregnancy, there are a huge number of important identified social issues in the USA today. A good example is stress due to poverty and social inequality. It is the current global warming crisis. Yes, in the event that you insisted on thinking us all the exact same. Utilize all you know to reveal your comprehension of the Earth, and bring out good old philosophical theories. Given such an endeavor, make certain you understand or have a notion about a particular social issue you want to deal with. You will consist of outside research to strengthen your arguments. New Step by Step Roadmap for Social Issue Essay Drugs like cocaine and opiates offer very limited positive results and are incredibly addictive. It's significant to remember that suicide in society is usually connected with despair that emanates from mental disorders like depression and schizophrenia. Infectious diseases are often public health concerns as they can spread quickly and readily, affecting huge quantities of members. Last, the issue of suicide could be addressed by reducing access to a number of the things which are utilised to commit suicide. Hunger is a rather obvious social Issue. Difficulties with the environment are almost directly linked to poverty and difficulties with education. Racism is among the most significant social issues of today's world. Poverty is among the key social trouble in the world. It also affects the environment. Poverty in the society is the main source of several other social difficulties. The Argument About Social Issue Essay Hate crimes are a developing issue especially in school settings on account of the young populations which exist. In the majority of communities, the financial status always defines an individual's social status. Racial minorities have low accessibility to mental wellness care. The model examines the SDH and way of health intervention. There are an assortment of methods people use to combat social troubles. Also, there's cost linked to the lost economic output that's approximated at $16 trillion. India still ranks in the bottom quartile of creating nations with regard to the simplicity of conducting business, and compared to China and other lower developed Asian nations, the typical time taken to fasten the clearances for a startup or maybe to invoke bankruptcy is quite a bit greater. World statistics suggest that the suicide prices are on the rise in various parts of the globe as a lot of people are resorting to it as the shortest mean to evade stresses and other unbearable problems. To improve mental well-being, it is crucial to address the current social structure. Mental health was demonstrated to be influenced by several facets social facets. Without a value on carbon, there is not as much incentive to produce positive adjustments, particularly in the private sector. Here's What I Know About Social Issue Essay In order to get ready for the issue essay, you also need to make an attempt to attempt the sample questions of essays. Marijuana may be used in medical domain and there's no accurate fact shows marijuana kills. There are a few crucial things which you want to understand so as to write up a superb essay. When you compose a social issue essay, it is crucial to demonstrate your private view of the issue.

Education, Music And Fashion Trends - 902 Words

Over the years, child upbringing has changed drastically due to the introduction of new legislations protecting children more and more. The debate as to whether the behaviour of the children of the 1990’s has gotten worse as opposed to the children of the 1980’s is ongoing and in my opinion the answer is clear. The difference on technology, education, music fashion trends are just very few things which make a big influence on a teen’s life. Children born in the 1990’s are (mostly) being brought up by children of the 1970’s - most of whom experienced some act of punishment as a result of doing wrong, discipline and rules in and out of the house. In the 1970’s/1980’s, there was very low tolerance for misbehaviour or disrespect towards anyone and anything in and out of the household. Kids learnt to show respect to everyone around them, no matter of their age, gender, and race - kids were taught by tradition and moral values - much unlike how children are brought up nowadays. It has obviously become more apparent that children nowadays, from early stages in life get whatever they want and whenever they want it - no questions asked. As a teenager born in 1999, I find this to be true and realise we do not know how to make sensible use of scarce resources - we tend to stay in the house on a hot summer’s day a lot more than what we used to as children, texting away to each other - whereas when we were kids, we didn t have phones - the garden and our streets and local parksShow MoreRelatedThe Birth Of Hip Hop Essay1695 Words   |  7 Pageswas acknowledging as the founding father of hip-hop at the time because of his unique ear of hearing and creating different music. It’s very rare that people will mention this because at the time hip-hop wasn’t a force in the music industry until the late 1990’s. It’s been approximately 30 years since the pertinent genre was actually recognized for its production in the music business. 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Factors That Can Promote or Hinder Enterpreneurship

LIST AND EXPLAIN FACTORS THAT CAN PROMOTE OR HINDER ENTREPRENEURSHIP. Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur is a person who starts an enterprise. He searches for change and responds to it. A number of definitions have been given of an entrepreneur- The economists view him as a fourth factor of production along with land labour and capital. To put it very simply an entrepreneur is someone who perceives opportunity, organizes resources needed for exploiting that opportunity and exploits it. Computers, mobile phones, washing machines, ATMs, Credit Cards, Courier Service, and Ready to eat Foods are all examples of entrepreneurial ideas that got converted into products or services. Some definitions of an entrepreneur are listed below: Entrepreneur†¦show more content†¦Feelings and motivation didn’t produce results, but the action is something that will produce it. 8. Teamwork. Nobody can achieve anything alone so this is true also for an entrepreneur because they’re not a â€Å"Superman†. They must be team players for their own and business success. 9. Calculated risk. This is truly one of the most important questions: Are they taking enough risk? Yes, each business startup is in some level risky. However, more important is how a successful entrepreneur takes a risk? The word calculated risk is the most appropriate word for this feature. 10. Self-Confidence. Self-confidence is a really important and key factor. I think that nobody would be an entrepreneur if don’t have self-confidence that he knows how to start and manage their own business. 11. Experience. Sometimes experience is in category not must have as a factor, but it is something that will increase business potential e nergy. They must employ all present and previous experience they have into the business that they are building. 12. Talent. Talent is something inborn in an entrepreneur. Sometimes talent can be replaced with knowledge. 13. Honesty. Honesty is important in every case, but sometimes honesty, being real can be the biggest enemy of an entrepreneur in some complex conditions. 14. Connections. More connection means

Various Issues in the Energy Resources-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the various issues in the energy resources. Answer: Introduction The following paper discusses about the summary and evaluation of the article on the global energy like the air, water and other sources. It has been noted that the use of the nuclear energy is not that much effective in the modern times. This is why the use of the nuclear energy should be stopped as it can result to the nuclear war. The infrastructure of the associations across the globe should be modernized and they should work together to mitigate all the issues that arise in this context. The article has been summarized and evaluated. Summary The following section is the article summary about the different aspects of the environmental policies as referred by Jacobson and Delucchi. This literature survey has argued about two important things (Jacobson Delucchi, 2011). The first is about the fracking of the shale gas companies. The environmental degradation has been very much. The energy problems have been very much rampant in the modern environmental backgrounds. The climate change has also been one of the most important things in the saving of the atmosphere and the environment. Some significant modes of pollution are water pollution, air pollution. All the people must conserve the energy sources properly indeed (Jacobson Delucchi, 2011). The cost of the reliable or conservative energy is definitely low indeed. The renewable energy is needed to be converted for the use of the human beings. The studies in the past times have revealed that renewable energy plans will be implemented seriously. The carbon dioxide emissions have been so high that the government of US has planned something big as well. The Kyoto Protocol has indeed suggested some ways to diminish this emission level of carbon dioxide. The supply system of the renewable energy must be implemented positively as well. It had been decided in the earlier meetings that the intercontinental transmission lines should be covered to provide the renewable energy across the countries in the region (Jacobson Delucchi, 2011). The cost can be diminished as well. Thus many solutions were being thought of indeed. The renewable energy and the nuclear energy should come into play indeed. It has been also said that the fossil fuels are needed to be carbonized. This will impro ve the energy efficiency. The proper use of science will have to be discussed in this issue. The advantages and disadvantages that shale gas development has are mainly regarding the equipments that are used. Many environmental problems occur in this regard as well. The health of the common people can be affected a lot. The pollution will increase and this will destroy the environment very badly (Panayotou, 2016). It is also required that the deforestation should be decreases to a good level as well (Lawrence Vandecar, 2015). This harms the environmental balance to a large degree. The vehicles emit the carbon gas to a large level. This should be stopped. As a replacement, the use of hydrogen in the vehicles should be encouraged (Baccini et al., 2012). The solar energy is one of the most important energy sources to cater to the need of the energy resources. Some of the technical, economic and geographical issues will have to be resolved in order to bring out the solutions (Redweik, Catita Brito, 2013). The experts are of the opinion that the solar power must be the most efficient replacement for the fossil fuel energy. The emission levels of carbon dioxide will decrease indeed (Lawrence Vandecar, 2015). This will be very much important in this context since the environment will be saved to a great deal indeed. The bio-fuel systems are also to be included in the operations as well. The expert s have also recommended the use of the electricity and battery run vehicles for the betterment of the environment in many ways (Baccini et al., 2012). Evaluation part This article has to be evaluated in this part of the paper. It can be said that the it is very much needed to utilize the solar energy for the energy efficiency in most parts. The energy resources will have to be implemented in the modern context of the environmental degradation. The different program and policies will have to be discussed in order to get the solutions for the best energy efficient solutions (Aghaei Alizadeh, 2013). If the use of the fossil fuels is destroying the balance of the nature and environment, this should be put to an end somehow indeed. It has been speculated that by 2030, the WWS system can be implemented all over the world to save the energy and make it run for a long time. This will also be helpful for the electricity and transportation system all over as well (Aghaei Alizadeh, 2013). The expert scientists have claimed that the ice cap of Arctic sea has slowly begun the melting process. The energy resources have been hampered because of that as well. Some relevant solutions are needed to be given for this. The development of technology must play an important part in the shaping up of the carbon gases all over the world (Schiederig, Tietze Herstatt, 2012) The experts in this field must prepare their plans for the saving the energy resources all over the world. The other WWS electric power sources can be acknowledged as the river or the ocean electric power system (Weedy et al., 2012). These are alternate systems as well. These power sources could be utilized for the better supply of power. The nuclear energy sources are not taken as a genuine power source in the modern times. The use of nuclear weapons by the powerful countries could be encouraged by the nuclear energy. These are the reasons renewable energy should be utilized properly. References Aghaei, J., Alizadeh, M. I. (2013). Demand response in smart electricity grids equipped with renewable energy sources: A review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,18, 64-72. Baccini, A. G. S. J., Goetz, S. J., Walker, W. S., Laporte, N. T., Sun, M., Sulla-Menashe, D., ... Samanta, S. (2012). Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from tropical deforestation improved by carbon-density maps.Nature Climate Change,2(3), 182. Jacobson, M. Z., Delucchi, M. A. (2011). Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part I: Technologies, energy resources, quantities and areas of infrastructure, and materials.Energy policy,39(3), 1154-1169. Lawrence, D., Vandecar, K. (2015). Effects of tropical deforestation on climate and agriculture.Nature Climate Change,5(1), 27. Panayotou, T. (2016). Economic growth and the environment.The environment in anthropology, 140-148. Redweik, P., Catita, C., Brito, M. (2013). Solar energy potential on roofs and facades in an urban landscape.Solar Energy,97, 332-341. Schiederig, T., Tietze, F., Herstatt, C. (2012). Green innovation in technology and innovation managementan exploratory literature review.Rd Management,42(2), 180-192. Weedy, B. M., Cory, B. J., Jenkins, N., Ekanayake, J. B., Strbac, G. (2012).Electric power systems. John Wiley Sons.

Analysis of Marks Spencers International Strategy The WritePass Journal

Analysis of Marks Spencers International Strategy Introduction Analysis of Marks Spencers International Strategy IntroductionBackground to the Marks SpencerPast issues related to MSCurrent business climateReviewing its current international strategyRecommendations BibliographyRelated Introduction This report looks at the current international strategy adopted by MS, what are the past issues of the company, what steps it took during the time of downfall and how did it overcome its mistakes to bounce back in the global market with its new marketing strategy. The report is a mix of the academic research and the case study materials provided from which the final conclusion can be drawn as to the organization should proceed to internationalization or not during current market situations. Background to the Marks Spencer MS as a business organization came into existence in 1884 when it was just a penny bazaar. Today after 125 glorious years of growth and expansion, the company is the biggest retailer in the UK. Its product ranges from clothing, food products and household accessories etc. It entered the international market by franchising in countries such as Canada, USA, France, Belgium, and Ireland etc. By the end of 19th century, the international market was on the verge of collapse due to improper management by the senior management of the company. Thus the company decided to withdraw its presence from the international market and instead concentrate only on the home market. (MS company history 2011) Past issues related to MS MS first entered the global market by targeting Hong Kong and South Africa by exporting its products to these countries under the brand name of St. Michaels. Eventually it terminated its contract with Do dwells, which in turn proved to be a disaster for the company as problems related to the local retailers and franchise did not allow the company to build a strong base in the Asian market. (Bevan 2001). MS targeted the Canadian market through family tie-ups and was successful in operating 275 stores across the country. By the end of the 80’s it entered the US market through purchasing a retail market chain named King’s supermarket and Brooks brothers. But eventually the North American market did not accept MS as a competitive brand due to lack of clear branding and positioning of its products. It was unable to satisfy the customer’s demand; also a large number of competitors did not give MS a chance to sustain itself in the market. (Sparks 2005). MS did not offshore its productions to a different country due to quality concerns. This lead to increase in the cost of production which in-turn lead to charging higher price from the customers. On the other hand, the customers did not find the product that appealing so as to pay a premium price for its products. Similarly MS entered the European market without any strategy to be adopted and mainly on the belief that its current business techniques would hold good in catering these market as well. It started expanding its operations in a haphazard situation without a rational strategic approach to it.   (Mellahi et al. 2002) Current business climate By 2001 the company withdrew all its overseas operations and started concentrating in the domestic market. It is a good decision that they took, as there were many flaws that would have taken a lot of time to rectify along with huge losses to bear. The global market has currently undergone a recession stage where MS was deeply affected by decreases in profit margins by 11% from the year 2005 to 2007. Only during the year 2009 it had performed a profitable business with 17% and 5% increase in profits and market share respectively. Its time when the company is recovering and finding new opportunities to enter the international market with a planned and structured system to target the global consumer retail market. The company has carefully analyzed its past mistakes and then has structured its plans for the future.   The next three years is to concentrate mainly in restoring its stability in the market by improving the marketing of their products into various segments and classifications. At the same time it will set foundation for the future expansion through mediums such as space grows, improving multi-channel retailing and to built its capability further to become an international company. (Cameron et al. 1988) Reviewing its current international strategy On the basis of the past issues within MS and the steps taken to cater the current business climate, we have seen the changes related to the target market, mode of entry in the new market, benefits to enter new market, rectification of past mistakes and setting clear objectives for internationalization etc. MS has decided to stabilize itself from the recession and build up its market share in the UK for the next three years; simultaneously working on rational international decisions. These measures show that the company is clear about its vision and mission related to its future. The following points discussed below prove to satisfy me to go forward with the current international strategy, as they have understood the demand in the international market and should implement its strategy accordingly. The current major steps taken by the company are: To enter large markets such as India, China and Europe etc where there is already a demand for this brand. Concentration in one particular market and finishing it first and then moving to another area proves better positioning and marketing for the product. MS can change its marketing style from product driven to market driven. This helps the company to understand the regional demand of their products and to cater it accordingly. (J MS results and multi year strategy 2010) Franchising is a great option rather than opening their own store. Choosing the appropriate franchisee will improve market capturing and sales in that particular country. E.g. to cater the Indian market MS has tied up with Reliance group. On the other hand, the franchising schemes cannot be same in all the countries due to political, economic and social factors. This could create operational problem for the company in the long run. (Quinn and Doherty 2000) Concentration on brand positioning and brand awareness is been done so that the market is aware of the different products and brands the company is offering. Thus there will be no confusing in the mind of the customers related to brands. There can be a possible threat of not accepting a product by different markets or there can be a very low demand for the same. Also MS overseas do not keep food items and accessories unlike UK. Thus it creates huge difference in the brand positioning between two or more countries. (Eyring et al. 2011) The company never grasped the advantage of patented USP such as storm ware clothing range in order to distinguish itself from other company. Today they are looking forward for such restructured range. E.g. fusing storm ware technology into jeans, t-shirts etc. (J MS results and multi year strategy 2010) Flagship stores are to be placed in each region along with supporting stores such as smaller outlets and Internet channels so that the customer can feel a heavy presence of this brand in the market. Amazon platform is currently reliable for the company. (J MS results and multi year strategy 2010) It is practically not possible for the company to perform as planned in its international strategy. There would be uncontrollable factors, which may lead to variations from its objective. The degree of variation can also determine the success and failure of the company. Adequate financial back up is needed for research and development in each particular market. Thus the risk is also high which the company is taking, if not successful in sustaining in the new market there would be huge loss for the company. Recommendations The company should offshore its manufacturing units to different geographic regions so they can cater different markets well. This will change the British brand image to global brand image. Example: Apple Inc is an American company, which contains the software made in Hyderabad, India and the product manufacturing is done in Taiwan. Thus it contains a global brand image. Adopt decentralization system in the organization so that delegation of work can be encouraged, thus involving the regional departments to participate in the major decisions to be taken. Example: Toyota involves every subordinate to participate in the decisions to be taken so that they can receive more opinions before taking any decisions. MS in an umbrella company which involves different products such as food, GM clothing and accessories etc, it has to carefully balance the brand image of all these products simultaneously. It will be a challenge to the company to maintain all the demand in all the countries. Therefore the company should segment and position its products to the lowest possible level before entering that particular market i.e. appropriate portfolio management. (Eyring et al. 2011) MS is always special by taking a step forward at maintaining a high quality that reflects its brand image, thus the company can strongly capitalize on this image for future growth. (Bolland presentation 2010) For every market there should be a particular marketing style in order to attract more customers. The marketing can be through different medium such as Internet, radio, television, banners hording etc.   The marketing should be done keeping in mind the culture, traditions and lifestyle of different regions. The company should adopt the characteristics of a multinational company where the revenue generated should be retained in that department instead of transferring it to the home country. The benefit is that the company does not have to manage the foreign exchange from around the world plus these funds can be capitalize for further growth and expansion within that region. Bibliography Marks and Spencer plc. 2011. Company history. Available at: http://corporate.marksandspencer.com/aboutus/ourhistory   [Accessed: 21st Mar 2011]. Bevan, J. 2001. The Rise and Fall of Marks and Spencer. Profile Books, London. Paul Jackson, Leigh Sparks, (2005) Retail internationalization: Marks and Spencer in Hong Kong, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, Vol. 33 Issue: 10, pp.766 – 783 Mellahi, K, Cameron. et al. 2002. International Review Of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research. 12(2), pp 191-219. Eyring, M.J. et al. 2011. New Business Models in Emerging Markets. Harvard Business Review. Vol. 89. 2011. Quinn and Doherty. (2000). Burt et al.: Retail internalization and retail failure.(3), 207. _J MS results and multi year strategy_(video recording) 2010,London,UK. BOLLAND, M and STEWART, A. (2010, November 5th). MS Corporate Strategy.   [PowerPoint slides]. Presented at a conference in London, UK. WORD COUNT: 1602

Conflict ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Essays

Conflict ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Essays Conflict ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Essay Conflict ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Essay How of import is the subject of struggle in the drama Romeo and Juliet?Shakespeare’s drama. Romeo and Juliet. is the most celebrated love narrative in English literature. However love isn’t the lone subject that runs through the drama. Shakespeare makes this typical love narrative more dramatic when he pits the love affair in the context of household feuds. battles and deceases. The issue of struggle is every bit cardinal to this drama as the issues of love/honour/betrayal and decease. It should come as no surprise that Shakespeare would include struggles in this drama as otherwise the drama would merely be a dull statement on teenage love. Adding the struggles highlights the tensenesss that the adolescents feel between their fond regards to their ain households and each other. Besides. adding the struggle is of import for dramatic consequence. We see this clearly in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet but besides see it in many modern signifiers of storytelling. such as movie.The movie Slumdog Millionaire’ is another illustration of two star-crossed lovers fighting to be together against their family’s wants. The struggle in the movie is between brothers. but besides with others outside the characters immediate households. The dramatic consequence of the struggle has the audience on the border of their place. willing the brace to get away their awful lives of maltreatment and unrecorded merrily of all time after. Slumdog is Romeo and Juliet for the twenty-first Century. As in Shakespeare’s drama. in Slumdog the audience are told what will go on in the narrative by manner of a prologue The prologue in Romeo and Juliet tells the audience the narrative and the stoping ( the two lovers will repair their household feuds by taking their ain lives )From forth the fatal pubess of these two enemies. A brace of star-crossed lovers take their life. . The prologue is an unusual storytelling device as it reveals the terminal of the narrative at the beginning. But it besides draws the audience is to cognize why the lovers take their ain lives and the audience remains shocked by that event. despite being warned about it. In Bas Learhmann’s movie the audience is surprised when Juliet wakes from her slumber to happen Romeo lying dead following to her. Her reaction of killing herself is a flooring stoping to the movie ( drama ) despite the audience cognizing what is coming. In Shakespeare’s prologue the Chorus describes tw o baronial families in the metropolis of Verona. The houses hold an ancient grudge against each other that remains a beginning of violent and bloody struggle.The audience are told that the households live in Fair Verona and who the chief characters in the drama are. So within a few proceedingss of the drama get downing the audience ( reader ) is primed with adequate information to bring forth an involvement to read on. The first scene comes instantly after the prologue and Shakespeare commences the scene with two Capulet retainers ( Sampson and Gregory ) who talk about the struggle between the two family’s. It is interesting that even though they are retainers ( Slaves ) they say that the family’s feud is their feud: The wrangle is between our Masterss and us their work forcesIt is of import to retrieve that the drama is written at a clip when retainers were obliged to honor their Masterss. and that included puting down their life for their betters’ . The tone o f the conversation between the two retainers replicates the struggle that we hear about in the prologue. Shakspere has established a yarn for the reader to follow here. The force of the struggle is clear when the two retainers talk of what they will make to the Montague adult females one time they defeat the Montague work forces. Brutalizing the adult females of a defeated enemy is something that has happened throughout history. True ; and hence adult females. being the weaker vass.are of all time thrust to the wall: therefore I will forceMontague’s work forces from the wall. and thrust his amahsto the wallThe public bash started by Tybalt is joined by members of both households. including the Montague and Capulet fathers’ . Sing old enemy ( Montague ) Capulet says to his married woman: My blade. I say! Old Montague is come.And boom his blade in malice of me.The street combat and hatred between the Capulets and Montagues is merely one signifier of struggle in Shakespea re’s drama. Shakespeare’s composing about struggle extends to Juliet’s household excessively. In Act 3 Scene 5 Juliet is told by her female parent that she will get married. Juliet’s sadness at this ordered matrimony ( she is told to describe to the church on Thursday ) leads to a struggle with her male parent who calls her a young luggage and disobedient wench’ . The household struggle repeats one faced by some immature adult females whose hubbies are chosen for them. This cultural duty is besides made clear by Juliet’s female parent when she says to Juliet that by the age of 14 ( Juliet’s age at the clip of the drama ) she was already pregnant with Juliet. The tradition of get marrieding misss off immature. and to wealthy older work forces. has mostly been overcome in some communities. nevertheless. in others it still creates tenseness. Sometimes with tragic results.The subject of struggle is of import in this drama because it refle cts the type of societal conditions that existed at the clip that Shakespeare wrote his drama. It is interesting that although our societal conditions have changed. the implicit in subjects and fortunes here could use to our society today. Young. violent. work forces contending over territory/honour and ( like Tybalt ) being killed in the crossfire. Shakespeare’s determination to speak about the unfairness of Juliet’s father’s insisting that she marry. may be a courageous effort to raise the issue of forced matrimony. But. instead. it could besides be seen as a beginning of merriment and gaiety for the Shakespearian audience. Despite some truly hard linguistic communication. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a drama that transcends clip in footings of its implicit in subjects. This makes the drama as relevant now as it was when it was first played.

Epidemiology and research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Epidemiology and research methodology - Essay Example ctice of premarital and multiple-partners sex is undoubtedly more common in developed countries than in the developing ones due to the society’s visibly permissive attitude towards it (National Research Council, 2005). Consequently, the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases has also increased. In an annual report of a screening programme by the Department of Health, it has been noted that Chlamydia trachomatis infection has become â€Å"the most commonly diagnosed bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in the United Kingdom† (Department of Health [DH], 2004). As a result, the government has formulated several policies through publicly-funded researches with the aim to prevent further spread of the communicable chlamydial infection due to its social and economic negative impacts. In connection, this paper will attempt to determine specific proposed policies and their effectiveness in countering the negative social, health, and economic impact of chlamydial infections with regard to the epidemiologic trends by employing a qualitative research methodology which will specifically discussed later. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has accounted that people with chlamydial infections have recorded the most frequent case reporting for a sexually transmitted disease (CDC, 2010). The first annual report of the National Chlamydia Screening Programme (NCSP) pointed the same trend about chlamydial infections in the United Kingdom which led to its formulation in 2003 (DH, 2004). The NCSP was founded by the Department of Health in England due to the threatening health patterns caused not only by chlamydia but all the sexually transmitted diseases observed in both publicly and privately-funded surveys including those from the World Health Organization (WHO), the national government, as well as some organizations like AVERT (WHO, 2001; â€Å"STD Statistics,† 2010). In the last decade,

Iphone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Iphone - Essay Example With the latest iphone, they have a personal assistant assigned in the phone that can do functions of the phone with the user voice control. It is durable and has a great physical design which is the reason many are attracted to buy it. The unique design of this product makes it a unisex phone – it looks equally attractive with all. To top it off, apple provides all its amazing services in one product: the ipod music player, amazing camera, and a phone that can have applications customized according to your needs (Amit, 2007). One of the biggest disadvantages that the phone has is affordability. For majority of the population, buying the phone directly from Apple becomes a problem, but they can buy it from telecommunication companies on contracts for a lower amount. Another issue is Apple’s reluctance to introduce Flash in its system, barring the use of this amazing facility in the phone. It does not have a detachable battery that becomes an inconvenience sometimes to the user and no slot for expanding memory if

The stranger commentary Essay Example for Free

The stranger commentary Essay To get to the visiting room I went down a long corridor, then down some stairs and, finally, another corridor. I walked into a very large room brightened by a huge bay window. The room was divided into three sections by two large grates that ran the length of the room. Between the two grates was a space of eight to ten meters, which separated the visitors from the prisoners. I spotted Marie standing at the opposite end of the room with her striped dress and her sun-tanned face. On my side of the room there were about ten prisoners, most of then Arabs. Marie was surrounded by Moorish women and found herself between two visitors: a little, thin-lipped old woman dressed in black and a fat, bare headed woman who was talking at the top of her voice and making lots of gestures. Because of the distance between the grates, the visitors and the prisoners were forced to speak very loud. When I walked in, the sound of the voices echoing off the rooms high, bare walls and the harsh light pouring out of the sky onto the windows and spilling into the room brought on a kind of dizziness. My cell was quieter and darker. It took me a few seconds to adjust. But eventually I could see each face clearly, distinctly in the bright light. I noticed there was a guard sitting at the far end of the passage between the two grates. The lines 73-74 of the book The Stranger written by Albert Camus, it talks about Merusault indifference and his perception towards life. Through the successful use of syntax, imagery and tone, Albert Camus created an atmosphere of indifference while putting the reader in the protagonists shoes. Syntax is a key literary device used throughout the book, especially in lines 73-74. All Merusault narration varies in a way that reflects his attitudes toward the world around him. When describing his social or emotional situations, his sentences are short, precise, and offer minimal detail. For example Most of the Arab prisoners and their families had squatted down facing each other. They werent shouting. In this scene, Marie visits Merusault in the jail and relatives or friends visit other jail mates. Merusault tells only the essentials of what he sees and rarely uses any literary devices. His focus of attention is not on Marie but rather on the environment and surroundings. These meager descriptions display Merusault indifference to society and to the people around him. Like the vigil that he attended earlier in the story, he doesnt feel happy or sad when a person close to him passes away or visits during a time of dismay- hes indifferent. Another example is A little, thin-lipped old woman dressed in black and a fat, bareheaded woman who was talking at the top of her voice and making lots of gestures. This is viewed from a different perspective where his longer descriptive sentences are about others rather than himself. Although he saw Marie, he described the commotion around him and even what the people were wearing rather than detailing commenting about the beauty of Marie or even the way she dressed. This further shows that Merusault attitude towards the world is by far stronger than his attitude towards the people close to him. Imagery is perhaps the second key literary devices used in lines 73-74. By having Merusault narrate the story, it allows the reader to see and feel the way he feels. Furthermore, by describing what he sees enhances our understanding about his character and how he perceives things. For example To get to the visiting room I went down a long corridor, then down some stairs and, finally, another corridor. I walked into a very large room brightened by a huge bay window. In this excerpt, Merusault was told that Marie was there to visit him. On his way down to the visitors room, we can see that he was busy observing the objects around him rather than reminiscing about his past with Marie. This reveals another aspect about his character; he accepts the world as it is because he knows that nothing is dynamic enough to change the world. Seeing Marie would not revert his to-be-execution or world it get him out of jail. Although we may see this a negative aspect of Merusault, it does in a way benefit him. He has proven that he doesnt live a life of illusions but rather a life that is true to him. Another literary device that is powerfully used in this passage is tone. Tone is used in this passage For example My cell was quieter and darker. It took me a few seconds to adjust. But eventually I could see each face clearly, distinctly in the bright light. I noticed there was a guard sitting at the far end of the passage between the two grates. The tone of Merusault in this excerpt is mellow, calm and relaxed. This is rather ironic because someone who has been spending much time with him was there to visit and yet his tone wasnt joyful or anything. He should be exuberant that shes here to visit him but his tone shows otherwise. This reveals more about his character and how hes more or less emotionless. In conclusion, through the use of syntax, imagery and tone, Albert Camus has successfully described the protagonists indifference towards the people and the world.

Teamwork Analysis Essay -- Team Building Papers

Teamwork Analysis Abstract The purpose of this assignment is for each learning team to apply what team members are learning about successful teams to an in-depth analysis of itself. As teams go through development stages, the members learn how people feel about themselves and what the content of the task that is to be accomplished, based on each stage that is achieved. Describe the process your team has used to form, storm, norm, and perform. At this point, where do you believe your team is in the team formation process? Team A was initially formed by our professor, and everyone had their anxieties and questions about the other members. After the team was formed, a Team Charter was developed to gather information about everyone on one document, so we would all know each others strengths, weaknesses, and contact information. We realized that our team was a diverse team, with members scattered in several different time zones, including Africa. We had an initial conference call to check the temperature of everyone, but not everyone could participate in the call. Once everyone agreed to the team charter, it was suggested that each person on the team be a leader for a week, leaving the last week without an actual leader. The plan was to let the last week have everyone work together without a leader, but to draw virtual straws to decide who would post that week’s team assignment. The team members were listed in alphabetical order, which is the same order each person was assigned a week. Team A was successful at reaching the next stage of development, which is storming. The team had some initial problems durin... ... Caouette, M.J. & O’Connor, B.N. (1998). The impact of group support systems on corporate teams’ stages of development. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 8(1), 59-60. Chupp, M. (2002). Reaching for Higher Ground in Conflict Resolution. International Journal of Conflict Management. 13(2). Retrieved February 11, 2005, from EBSCOhost database. Horton, T. R. (1992). Delegation and team building: No solo acts please. Management Review, 81 (9), 58. Mckenna, P.J., Meister, D.H. (2002). Playing by the rules. Industrial Management. 44 (5), 8-14. Retrieved February 14, 2005, from EBSCOhost database. McShane, S.L. & VonGlinow, M.A. (2004). Foundation of team dynamics. Organizational Behavior, second edition (pp 238-240). Â ©The McGraw-Hill Companies.

Case 35: Stock Repurchase Program Recommendation

Memo To:Rajat Singh, managing director at Hudson Bancorp From: Date:08/01/2002 Re:Stock Repurchase Program Recommendation The purpose of this memo is to examine whether Deluxe Corporation should increase borrowings to buyback stocks. After considerable analysis of the company’s financial position, we recommend that Deluxe Corp. to borrow up to $1. 023 billion to buy back 34,175 shares. In order to achieve this, Deluxe will need to lower its bond rating from A rating to BBB , which results in a decrease in WACC from 11. 47% to 9. 5%. By doing this, Deluxe ’s WACC is minimized, yet the bond rating is still at investment –grade rating; plus, the firm will have a financial flexibility of $872 million, and an increase in its equity value per share by $35. 34. This memo explains in detail the calculation of the current WACC, the current intrinsic equity value, the unused debt capacity at different ratings, and the recommended WACC as well as the estimated increase in e quity value with respect to the new WACC at the recommended debt borrowing level.Current WACC Based on our calculation, the current WACC is 11. 47% as of August 01, 2002. In this calculation, for the borrowing rate, we use 5. 70% regarding Deluxe’s bond rate A from Exhibit 8. The marginal tax rate is is projected to be 38%. We use 5. 41% for the risk free rate of return with respect to the 20 years U. S Treasury bond. The equity risk premium and beta are given at 6% and . 85, respectively.Since the beginning of 2002, Deluxe had retired all of its long term debt, we calculate the total debt by adding the short-term debt and the long-term debt due within one year to arrive at $151 million; for the total equity, we multiply the number of shares outstanding which is given in the company’s 2001 Financial Summary, by the market adjusted close price per share which we look up in yahoo finance to get to $1,568 million. For the small stock risk premium, we use 1. 73% as Deluxeà ¢â‚¬â„¢s total equity is between $1. 05 billion and $1. 6 billion. Current intrinsic equity valueDeluxe’s intrinsic equity value as of August 1, 2002 using a discounted cash flow analysis and the current WACC of 11. 47% has a premium of $2. 38 over the current market value. We estimate the terminal value growth rate to be at -2%; we make this assumption by taking the average of the industry’s annual decline growth rate between 1% and 3%. The free cash flows for 2002-2006 are taken from the company’s Financial Forecast; and, to calculate the terminal year’s free cash flows, we grow it by -2% and divide it by the difference between the WACC and the long term growth rate.Since August 1st is our evaluation date, there is still 5 months left for 2002, the cash flow to be received for 2002 is calculated by taking the total cash flow times 5/12, and for the remaining years, the cash flow to be received is equal to the total cash flows. And, finally, for the midy ear factor ,we also take same caution that t are 5 months left to receive cash flows, and payments are made semiannually . Thus, our mid-year factor for 2002 is 5 over 24, and (5+6) over 12 for 2003, and for the remaining years we add 1 to the prior year’s midyear factor.Flexibility by rating Our analysis of the flexibility in allowed debt under each bond rating provided us the maximum allowable unused debt for each rating. We calculated this figure by considering both the interest coverage ratio as well as the leverage ratio, and then using the smaller of the two figures. We calculated the maximum allowable debt using the leverage ratio by multiplying the five-year EBITDA average times the required leverage ratio under each credit rating. The lower the credit rating the larger the allowable debt becomes.By choosing the lower of the two calculations, the maximum allowable debt under credit rating AAA is 278. 9 million and ranges up to 2,456. 6 million for bond rating B. In or der to maintain an investment grade rating, Deluxe’s maximum allowable debt would be 1,023. 5 million. Recommended WACC In calculating the WACC for each bond rating, we altered several components for each. First, the borrowing rate increases as the bond rating decreases. These figures were provided in Exhibit 8. Second, we recalculated beta taking into account the changes in the debt/equity capitalization structure using.The re-levered beta was calculated using the levered and unlevered information. Third, as ratings declined their debt/equity ratio increased and altered their weighted cost of debt. Fourth, their equity/debt ratio decreased as their bond rating declined. Our final calculations of the WACC for each bond rating went from 11. 47% at AAA down to 9. 95% at BBB and back up to 11. 02% at a B rating. We recommend using the debt level allowed under the BBB rating since it maintains our status as investment grade bonds and also provides the lowest possible WACC. Estima te increase in equity valueTo determine the number of shares to be repurchased in the upcoming repurchase program, we used the maximum allowable debt under the BBB bond rating and subtracted our current debt to determine the total funds to be used to repurchase shares. In order to determine the number of shares that could be repurchased, we divided the total allowable debt by the current market per share price. This resulted in a recommended repurchase of 34,175 shares. Next, we conducted a free cash flow analysis to determine the intrinsic enterprise value of Deluxe Corporation.This analysis is similar to the one conducted for the Current intrinsic equity value. However, we lowered the WACC to reflect our recommended credit rating. In estimating the total increase in shareholder value from this repurchase program, we took enterprise value minus the maximum allowable debt at the BBB rating. This gave us the equity value of Deluxe Corporation. Then, we divided the equity value by the current outstanding shares net of the repurchase program. This gave us equity per share value of $63. 24. In comparing this to the old equity per share value, we found an increase of 127%.This is a highly favorable move for the shareholders of Deluxe Corporation. Concluding Recommendation We believe Deluxe Corporation should borrow funds in the amount of $872 million for the stock repurchase program. By borrowing these funds, Deluxe Corporation will be able to increase their equity value per share by 127% while still maintaining investment grade status. Deluxe is aiming for a flexible capitalization structure, and by borrowing more debt we believe they can achieve this due to the high cost of equity. If you have any question or concern, please feel free to contact us via emails:

A Research Study On Group Therapy - 1262 Words

During nursing we have been subject to take care of many intoxicated patients and rarely are we given the opportunity to see them heal outside of the hospital. The group that was chosen was an Alcoholics Anonymous group in Rapid City, SD. The group experience took place on June 15, 2016 at 5:30 pm at their 325 Deadwood Ave. location. AA is a private organization that focuses solely on recovering alcoholics they are member ran groups that do not accept any outside funding and stay un-opinionated about any outside events. The main focus in AA is to make all alcoholics feel welcome and for membership all that is needed is a desire to stop drinking. Keywords: AA-Alcoholics Anonymous, group therapy, group norms, universal norms, group-specific norms, group dynamics, open groups, closed groups, democratic leadership, homogenous, heterogeneous, secondary group Happy Hour with the AA Group Group therapy is used in several different settings today there are inpatient groups, outpatient groups, addiction groups, and grieving groups. There is most likely a group for anyone no matter what kind of assistance that they are in need of. Rothwell (2013) defines a group as a â€Å"human communication system composed of three or more individuals, interacting for the achievement of some common goals who influence and are influenced by each other.†(Arnold Underman Boggs, 2016, p. 136) The purpose of group therapy is to add additional support to people and families that are in need of support,Show MoreRelatedA Research Study On Group Therapy1178 Words   |  5 Pagesmedication and therapy. 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